examples of persuasive communication in academic contexts

Learn some effective techniques to use statistics and evidence in your persuasive speech, and see some examples from different topics and contexts. Paragraph 1 Describe an example of persuasive communication in a personal context. This communicative process starts in the classroom (Dannels, 2001). Specific purpose: By the end of my speech, my audience will believe that prisoners should have the right to an education. Put content that you are excited about in lectures. Southern New Hampshire University responds quickly to information requests through this website. Education doesnt just improve the lives of the prisoners; it also positively affects the people who work in prisons. In our examples above, the first context is a professional conference; the second context is a third-grade classroom. This video illustrates how a fear appeal aimed at safety needs can be persuasive. This is the think, pair, share method. Knowing what counts as credible data for each type of research is an important part of speaking in the social sciences. I saw a perfect example of a persuasive appeal to safety while waiting at the shop for my car to be fixed. Copyright 2003-2023 What does a good communicator in a science class look and sound like? While data may be compelling and the merits of a design self-evident for internal audiences, external audiences will require more information, and selling ideas requires persuasive speaking skills. For this reason, correctly citing sources through annotations or bibliographies is vital to academic communication. The video and transcript of her speech can be found at the following link: http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/maryfisher1992rnc.html. Which Illinois Schools Offer Communications Degrees? Since there is a stigma associated with a lack of these basic skills, early instruction should be one-one-one or in small groups. Evidence, also called grounds, supports the claim. by Sherry Turkle (February 2012) 6 - Persuasive Speech - Grade: A; Introduction TO Philosophy OF THE Human Person Module 2; English 10 COT LP Quarter 1 sy2122; Masters of Ceremony Sample Script The purpose of this qualitative case study is to investigate the most common communication problems from the views of faculty members at the Middle East Technical University in Ankara, Turkey. Speaking in education/training and development involves students delivering a lecture, facilitating a discussion, or running an activity as if they were actually teaching or training. Carefully choosing supporting material that is verifiable, specific, and unbiased can help a speaker appeal to logos. Some examples include pursuing higher education and intellectual fulfillment, pursuing art or music, or pursuing religious or spiritual fulfillment. Logos refers to the reasoning or logic of an argument. If that were the case, then a range of communication skills wouldnt be as necessary. What's the Salary for a College Graduate with an Online Degree? What was the new information and what did it clash with? Review of main points: There is a clear need for prisoner education that can be met with a sound curriculum that will benefit prisoners, those who work in prisons, and society at large. This program would be ideal for individuals including: Senior leaders in the public sector Even within the prison, debates, trivia contests, paper contests, or speech contests could be organized between prisoners or between prisoners and prison staff as a means of healthy competition. This could be an essay you wrote for a class, an article you read, or a discussion post. Speakers employ logos by presenting credible information as supporting material and verbally citing their sources during their speech. There is a perception of technical courses as training grounds where you give people a manual, they memorize it, regurgitate it, and then try to put the skills into practice. A speech full of facts and statistics appealing to logos would result in information overload. Perceptions of trustworthiness come from the content of the speech and the personality of the speaker. Unfortunately, charisma is difficult to intentionally develop, and some people seem to have a naturally charismatic personality, while others do not. For example, a speaker may make the following claim: "There should be a national law against texting while driving." Repeat it or rephrase it once if needed and then wait for a response. In short, by clearly showing an audience why one position is superior to another, speakers do not leave an audience to fill in the blanks of an argument, which could diminish the persuasive opportunity. Communication in the Real World by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Conversely, negative motivation implies or states that failure to follow a speakers advice will result in negative consequences. Qualitative research focuses on describing and interpreting social phenomena using data collected through methods such as participant observation and interviewingin short, watching and/or talking to people. Dannels, D. P., Learning to Be Professional: Technical Classroom Discourse, Practice, and Professional Identity Construction, Journal of Business and Technical Communication 14, no. Team projects are common in technical courses, especially in courses related to design, so being able to work effectively in groups and present information as a group is important. Students in social work and political science courses may be asked to evaluate or propose policies relevant to a societal issue. The threat must be credible and supported by evidence. Identify strategies for adapting presentations in the following disciplines: arts and humanities, social sciences, education/training and development, science and math, and technical courses. What courses would be difficult to teach online? Get expert's help! What courses do you think would translate well to an online environment? Aside from being judged on how technical information is broken down as a speaker in a technical class may be, speakers in education and training are evaluated more on their nonverbal communication. Make sure that the time spent engaged directly with the course at least equals the amount a regular class would meet, typically about three hours a week for a sixteen-week semester. Under the supervision of faculty and/or staff, prisoners could be given the task of organizing an outside speaker to come to the prison or put together a workshop. Professional men and women use communication for getting ahead, resolving interpersonal conflicts and working collaboratively with others to achieve unified goals. Ethos relates to the credibility of a speaker. What are some positives and negatives of online learningfrom a teachers perspective and from a students perspective? You may not think that communication and public speaking are as central to these courses as they are in the humanities and social sciencesand you are right, at least in terms of public perception. We satisfy our safety needs when we work to preserve our safety and the safety of our loved ones. Explicitly stating the take-home message and main question in the speech helps the audience process the information and helps a speaker keep only the information relevant to them, which helps prevent information overload. Additional emphasis on topics such as ethics, culture, gender, and technology is found throughout the . You can see a video example of how this organization effectively uses fear appeals in Video 11.1. A financial planner may persuade by inviting a receiver to imagine prosperity that will result from accepting his or her message. Since these methods are more controlled, the information gathered is turned into numerical data that can be statistically analyzed. Weve already learned the importance of motivating an audience to listen to your message by making your content relevant and showing how it relates to their lives. The second tier should prepare prisoners who have not completed the equivalent of high school to progress on to a curriculum modeled after that of most high schools, which will prepare them for a GED. Syracuse University responds quickly to information requests through this website. This doesnt include homework and study time, which will also need to be scheduled in. Do you think you are easily persuaded? Practice good netiquette when communicating with your instructor and classmates. In the arts, students may be expected to create an original final product to present, which may entail explaining the inspiration and process involved in creating a sculpture or actually performing an original dance or song. Which Schools in Pennsylvania Offer Communications Degrees? Using cognitive dissonance as a persuasive strategy relies on three assumptions: (1) people have a need for consistency in their thinking; (2) when inconsistency exists, people experience psychological discomfort; and (3) this discomfort motivates people to address the inconsistency to restore balance (Stiff & Mongeau, 2003). Introduction of topic: While we value education as an important part of our society, we do not value it equally for all. We also become part of interest groups or social or political groups that help create our sense of identity. They include physiological, safety, social, self-esteem, and self-actualization needs (Maslow, 1943). The health and beauty industries may persuade consumers to buy their products by promising increased attractiveness. Simply put, according to the article in the. Colorado Christian University responds quickly to information requests through this website. Richmond, V. P., Derek R. Lane, and James C. McCroskey, Teacher Immediacy and the Teacher-Student Relationship, in Handbook of Instructional Communication: Rhetorical and Relational Perspectives, eds. What Are My Career Options in Physical Education? In short, when new information clashes with previously held information, there is an unpleasantness that results, as we have to try to reconcile the difference. Although we have an understanding of how the typical classroom functions, since we have been socialized into it, the online classroom presents a whole new set of variables and challenges. Intentionally stirring someones emotions to get them involved in a message that has little substance would be unethical. Given that the humanities rely primarily on existing texts for information, students may be asked to synthesize and paraphrase information in a literature review, just as a student in the social sciences would. Communicating enthusiasm for your topic and audience by presenting relevant content and using engaging delivery strategies such as vocal variety and eye contact can increase your dynamism. Most importantly, it provides a systematic conceptualization of different forms of persuasive communication including categories of dialogical, non-deceptive and deceptive OPC as well as persuasion working in relation to socio-political, economic and physical contexts via incentivization and coercion. Many online instructors and students are expected to figure it out as they go, which leads to frustrated teachers and students (Ragan, 2011). Speakers who rely primarily on appeals to pathos may be seen as overly passionate, biased, or unable to see other viewpoints. Studies in the Education of Adults, 35(2), 157172. Yet such spellbinding speakers have taken advantage of peoples emotions to get them to support causes, buy products, or engage in behaviors that they might not otherwise, if given the chance to see the faulty logic of a message. So dissonance is that unpleasant feeling we get when two sounds clash. A student in a social work class may be asked to investigate policies in urban areas related to homeless youth. The top-nine reasons to increase correctional education programs. You'll learn how to write in a formal tone and politely address your reader, whether it is a professor or peer. Analyze what makes this example effective and consider how academic persuasion differs from other contexts. These courses will teach prisoners basic reading, writing, and math skills that may be lacking. Grand Canyon University responds quickly to information requests through this website. Technical courses may include research, but testing, replication, and design are usually more important. We also learned an organizational pattern based on theories of motivation: Monroes Motivated Sequence. Create a frequently asked questions document that addresses common areas of concern for students, and allow students to pose new questions so you can add them to the document. Draw on practical examples within your research to: Expand your perspective Explain tricky ideas & information These speeches should be positive, personal, grounded in concrete events, and not preachy. Scientists present results of original research. 2 (2001): 151. While I know from our audience analysis activity that some of you do not agree with me, you never know when this issue may hit close to home. Communication in the Real World by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Some of our past classroom experiences will be relevant and some will not. Think of how the insurance industry relies on appeals to safety needs for their business. Cognitive dissonance isnt a single-shot persuasive strategy. appearing competent, trustworthy, and dynamic; sharing their credentials and/or relevant personal experience; presenting a balanced and noncoercive argument; appearing engaged with the topic and audience through effective delivery. You also might learn how to write book reviews, research papers and laboratory reports. Which Schools Offer Communications Degrees in the San Jos, CA Area? Speakers do not appeal to physiological needs. Educating prisoners can benefit inmates, those who work in prisons, and society at large. Do they have any advice listed for presenting at their conference? A major difference between a brick-and-mortar classroom and an online classroom is the asynchronous nature. Some projects are even juried, meaning that an artist needs to be prepared to engage with several instructors or selected judges and explain their work and process through feedback and constructive criticism. Think of how stirring Martin Luther King Jr.s I Have a Dream speech was due to his ability to evoke the emotions of the audience. Penn Foster High School responds quickly to information requests through this website. Speakers appeal to pathos by. Identify the parts of the rhetorical situation. Which Schools Offer Graphic Design Degrees near Indianapolis? Oral communication has always been a part of higher education, and communication skills in general became more of a focus for colleges and universities in the late part of the twentieth century, as the first communication across the curriculum programs began to develop. New, larger, and more graphic warning labels on cigarette packaging are meant to induce cognitive dissonance. 4.1 Principles and Functions of Nonverbal Communication, 5.4 Listenable Messages and Effective Feedback, 6.1 Principles of Interpersonal Communication, 6.2 Conflict and Interpersonal Communication, 6.3 Emotions and Interpersonal Communication, 6.4 Self-Disclosure and Interpersonal Communication, 8.2 Exploring Specific Cultural Identities, 8.4 Intercultural Communication Competence, 9.2 Researching and Supporting Your Speech, 10.2 Delivery Methods and Practice Sessions, 12.1 Speaking in Personal and Civic Contexts, 14.1 Leadership and Small Group Communication, 14.3 Problem Solving and Decision Making in Groups, 15.1 Technological Advances: From the Printing Press to the iPhone, 15.2 Functions and Theories of Mass Communication, 16.3 New Media, the Self, and Relationships. In most cases, the instructor and individual students can do their class work at different times rather than all together at scheduled times. We all have a need to think well of ourselves and have others think well of us, which ties to our self-esteem needs. The sample of this study consists of 50 faculty members including professors, associate professors, assistant . Reveal online materials as they are relevant. Academic communication can include the words and structures used to express ideas, as well as the methods by which ideas are disseminated. B., and Paul A. Mongeau, Persuasive Communication, 2nd ed. Speakers are more likely to be successful at focusing on safety, social, and self-esteem needs. Fletcher, L., How to Design and Deliver Speeches, 7th ed. Analyze what makes this example effective and consider how academic persuasion differs from other contexts. Chapter 1: Introduction to Communication Studies, Chapter 6: Interpersonal Communication Processes, Chapter 7: Communication in Relationships, Chapter 11: Informative and Persuasive Speaking, Chapter 12: Public Speaking in Various Contexts, Chapter 14: Leadership, Roles, and Problem Solving in Groups, Chapter 15: Media, Technology, and Communication, Art work newspaper project on wall collected, Speaking in education/training and development, http://www.eiu.edu/adulted/online_tips.php, http://jeffhurtblog.com/2010/03/17/how-to-write-killer-conference-session -titles-that-attract-attendees, http://wac.colostate.edu/atd/articles/bayer_curto_kriley2005.cfm, http://www.facultyfocus.com/free-reports/principles-of-effective-online-teaching-best-practices-in-distance-education, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Giving prisoners time-off-sentence credits for educational attainment can help reduce the prison population, as eligible inmates are released earlier because of their educational successes. The National Communication Association provides useful resources on the how to of academic conferencing including frequently asked questions and professional standards and guidelines that will be helpful when preparing for any conference: http://natcom.org/conventionresources. Mary Fishers speech at the 1992 Republican National Convention, A Whisper of AIDS, is one of the most moving and powerful speeches of the past few decades. For instance, if the parent of a schoolchild puts up a social media post highlighting the need for sidewalks near the school so as to ensure safety for his or her kids, it would classify as a personal persuasive communication. To have an effective persuasive communication in personal, progressional and academic context we have some factors to be considered: *The words that we will use to persuade other people. Students need to be able to break down complex concepts and progressively build on them while sharing examples and connecting to the bigger picture of the course. Competence refers to the perception of a speakers expertise in relation to the topic being discussed. They also translate technical information for lay audiences. Ask them what they like about the course and for suggestions for improvement. Monitor and manage student progress by communicating with students about missed and upcoming assignments. Speakers can also use literal images, displayed using visual aids, to appeal to pathos. Academic communication, also called scholarly communication, refers to methods of communication that are highly structured and generally only used in pedagogical settings. Students could also organize a debate against students on the outside, which could allow the prisoners to interact (face-to-face or virtually) with other students and allow them to be recognized for their academic abilities. Svinicki, M. and Wilbert J. McKeachie, McKeachies Teaching Tips, 13th ed. Classes that focus on social skills, parenting, or relational communication can also improve communication skills and relational satisfaction; for example, workshops teaching parenting skills have been piloted to give fathers the skills needed to more effectively communicate with their children, which can increase feelings of self-worth. Student speakers in science and math courses deliver presentation content based on the scientific method and systems of logic. Pathos refers to emotional appeals. Craig Anderson Scientists CC BY-SA 2.0. The widespread use of the Internet has greatly affected academic communication and has caused both advances and complications in academic discourse. A pamphlet cover with a yellow and black message reading, Warning, and a stark black and white picture of a little boy picking up a ball with the back fender of a car a few feet from his head beckoned to me from across the room. The Common Core State Standards (Common Core State Standards Initiative, 2010) feature argumentative writing across the curriculum in grades 4 through 12, yet little is known about how young adolescents develop the challenging advanced language and literacy skills needed for these tasks. Cooper, M. D., and William L. Nothstine, Power Persuasion: Moving an Ancient Art into the Media Age (Greenwood, IN: Educational Video Group, 1996), 48. Maslow, A. H., A Theory of Human Motivation, Psychological Review 50 (1943): 37096. Morgan, S. and Barrett Whitener, Speaking about Science: A Manual for Creating Clear Presentations (New York, NY: Cambridge, 2006), 916, 3547. The following link contains some information from the National Communication Association about How to Make the Most of Your Presentation: http://natcom.org/Tertiary.aspx?id=1763. Paragraph 3 . Many students make a mistake of simply summarizing articles in a literature review. Our social needs relate to our desire to belong to supportive and caring groups. Identify strategies for effective speaking at academic conferences. It may also involve creating and explaining original works of art. While we might think that exposure to conflicting information would lead a rational person to change his or her mind, humans arent as rational as we think. Trustworthiness refers to the degree that audience members perceive a speaker to be presenting accurate, credible information in a nonmanipulative way. Attention getter: We must accept the reality that to confine offenders behind walls without trying to change them is an expensive folly with short-term benefitswinning battles while losing the war. These words were spoken more than thirty years ago by Supreme Court Justice Warren Burger, and they support my argument today that prisoners should have access to education. Ehow.com. While these are useful programs, prisoner education shouldnt be limited to or focused on those with the least amount of skills. The ability to edit and discern what information is relevant for a presentation is very important in these fields. Much of the presentation in technical courses will be data driven, which is informative. A key communication path in technical fields is between professional and customer/client, but you cant just think of the client as the only person for whom the information must be translated. Steurer, S. J., Linton, J., Nally, J., & Lockwood, S. (2010). Biomedical Informatics: Salary and Career Facts, Biological Scientist Education Requirements, Elementary Principal: Career Summary, Employment Outlook, and Education Requirements. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/list_6018033_benefits-inmates-getting-geds_.html. The same principle applies to cognitive dissonance, which refers to the mental discomfort that results when new information clashes with or contradicts currently held beliefs, attitudes, or values. Mettamatt Smoking ad campaign CC BY-SA 2.0. Do not lecture for more than twenty minutes without breaking it up with something more interactive. We will learn about nine persuasive strategies that you can use to more effectively influence audience members' beliefs, attitudes, and values. Students may be expected to conduct a literature review on a particular societal issue related to race or poverty, for example. Aristotle was suspicious of too much emotional appeal, yet this appears to have become more acceptable in public speaking. They are ethos, logos, pathos, positive motivation, negative motivation, cognitive dissonance, appeal to safety needs, appeal to social needs, and appeal to self-esteem needs. Especially in situations where there are more panelists than audience members, Ive found it useful to just make a circle with chairs and have a more informal and interactive discussion. Getting people in the room is important for networking to take place. While these labels may be accurate in many cases, they do not do much to move the prisoner toward rehabilitation.

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