90th light infantry division

The first infantry battalion of the first infantry regiment of each panzer division was now supposed to be fully mechanised (mounted on armoured half-tracks (Sd.Kfz. This was partly aided by the fact that the 90th Light helped defend position by position: El Daba, Fuka, and Bardia back to the Libya frontier. The Italian forces advanced across the Egyptian frontier and initially had limited success. Ironically the Allies never seriously contested the German retreat as they pulled back. On November 8th Operation Torch was launched and the Western Allies landed a large Anglo-American force in Morocco and Algeria. He was assigned to the 90th Light Infantry Division was a light infantry division of the German Army during World War II that served in North Africa as well as Sardinia and Italy. German supply lines were severely strained by this point having to travel nearly 1000 miles to reach the front, and each combat loss was becoming harder to replace. The 90th Light advanced from El Agheila to Agedabia, Antelat, and then to the coast to help re-secure Benghazi. By the winter of 1940, the Italian offensive had come to a grinding halt. During World War II, the "Tough Ombre" division landed at Utah Beach on D-Day (June 6, 1944) as part of the massive Allied invasion of western Europe. During these battles the 90.leichte took harrowing losses; by July 8th its overall strength was less than 2000 men. It continued to hold the lines between the frontier and around Tobruk. It was a well-trained unit originally formed in Potsdam in 1941 from specialist soldiers with previous experience in the deserts of the Middle East and North Africa. original wwii 90th infantry division patch. From this point, the naming of the division is somewhat confused. The attack had been another major failure. The 90th Light Infantry Division was a German Army division during World War II that served in north Africa as well as Sardinia and Italy. The 288th Armored Infantry Unit was originally known as the 288th Special Unit, or “Sonderverbande 288” and was essentially a WWII version of a regimental sized special operations unit. The 90th Light Infantry Division was created in August 1941 as Division z.b.V. Afrika, from units already in Africa under the control of Divisions-Kommando z.b.V. By May of 1943, the division was severely drained. Each of the links below open in a new window . stands for "zur besonderen Verwendung", which translates as "for a special use" in English. This operation sealed the fate of the Axis in North Africa as a combined force was now set to converge on the German and Italian armies from both the east and west. 90th Light Infantry Division Werner Mork 1943 In the northern part of the island of Sardinia in September of 1943 the German “guests” left this isle in haste. The division surrendered at Enfidaville on May 12th, 1943 and the 90th Light survivors went into Allied captivity thereafter. It fought in nearly every battle from the first attacks into the lines around Tobruk in November 1941 to the last stand in Tunisia in 1943. The besieged Australian garrison at Tobruk also continued to hold out against repeated German attacks of which the Division Command for Special Use Africa was involved. What follows is an overview of the operational history of the 90.leichte-Afrika-Division which has been gathered together from as many primary and secondary resources as possible. As such, the Africa Division was reconstituted as the 90th Panzergrenadier Division in Sardinia during July 1943. Formed initially as an ad-hoc unit in June of 1941 for the assault on Tobruk. Afrika to the 90.leichte-Infanterie-Division. In any case by this time the name had most certainly changed to the 90.leichte. The 90th Light Infantry Division was created in August 1941 as By July the Allies retreated to hastily constructed defensive lines 60 miles to the west of Alexandria and the first battle of El Alamein began. Afrika, was created on June 26th, 1941. u. Grossverbände… im Zweiten Weltkrieg, author unknown, Das Reichsheer und Seine Tradition, author unknown, Deutsche Rote Kreuz Suchdienst, Divisionsschicksale, author unknown. The 90th Light African Division was known colloquially as the Africa Division, largely in part this is because it was the only German combat division to have actually been raised in Africa itself. Shifted southeast from the Franco-Italian border in September 1944, 90th Grenadier was finally listed as destroyed in the fighting south of Bologna. 9 june (D+3) : We are a collection of dedicated reenactors located in Ohio and Pennsylvania who have chosen to portray the 90th Infantry Division of World War II. The 90th’s enlisted replacements had reached more than 100 percent of the division’s authorized strength by July 22. At the Tunisian frontier, the 90.leichte held positions in the Mareth Line which the British struck on March 23rd, 1943. The 90.leichte-Afrika-Division went through a number of distinct changes in name and organization between 1941 and 1943. Following the unsuccessful First Battle of El Alamein the Germans launched repeated attacks against the British, including the Battle of Alam El Halfa on August 30th and 31st, 1942. In February 1944 the 90th Infantry was relieved from assignment to the 10th Light Division and was replaced by the 87th Mountain Infantry which was reorganized as … The Story of the 90th Infantry Division [ booklet text only ] "Tough 'Ombres!" It was then very nearly wiped out in the bitter fighting with the 1st Canadian Infantry Division along the Moro River in late November 1943. During these attacks, the Division for Special Use Africa fought at Sidi Rezegh and helped repulse a significant counter-attack by the Australians out of Tobruk itself. As with the many battles before the 90.leichte was holding the Axis line in the north closest to the coast when the British struck. From July 8th to the 21st both sides continued to fight hard but the German attack ground to a halt. As can be seen, some aspects of this unit’s history are sadly murky. The Division Commander received warning orders that the 90th Infantry Division would attack across the Merderet River through the lines of the 8nd Airborne Division with a view to cutting off the Peninsula. As the Italians pulled back they lost control of not only the Egyptian frontier but all of the vital coastal towns between Egypt and El Aghelia, including Sollum, Tobruk, Gazalla, Benghazi, and Beda Fomm. A History of the 90th Division in WW1 by Major George Wythe, 90th Division Association, 1920 Digitized and Transcribed by Mervin Hogg, 90th Division Association. After re-establishing lines at Gazala both sides settled in while their units reorganized, refit, and re-supplied for the inevitable struggle for Tobruk. 1-16 of 24 results for Books: "90th infantry division" A History of the 90th Division in World War II, 6 June 1944 to 9 May 1945 (Divisional Series, 50) by Lt. Joe. Axis fortunes in North Africa were now at a close. On May 26th, 1942 Rommel launched an attack to forestall an impending offensive by the British. The fighting during the Gazala offensive lasted for nearly three weeks and by June 12th the British were forced to retreat having suffered the loss of hundreds of tanks and thousands of men. After the fall of Libya, the Anglo-American advance on Tunisia encroached from both the northwest and the east. Although the division was not as weak as it had been at El Alamein the previous fall it was still seriously short of men and material, amounting to approximately 5700 men. Their attack was beaten back with heavy losses to both sides. With their rout in the Second Battle of El Alamein the Germans retreated back towards Libya, the British in close pursuit. Originally raised as the Division Command for Special Uses Africa, composed of two units already fighting around Tobruk in summer 1941. It saw extensive action in North Africa until it was finally destroyed in the Second Battle of El Alamein. "Die Deutsche Wehrmacht 1939–1945". The 90th Light Infantry Division was a light infantry division of the German Army during World War II that served in North Africa as well as Sardinia and Italy. The 90.leichte helped secure Mersa Matruh on June 26th and 27th which was the last British fortress before El Alamein and Alexandria. The first unit incorporated was the 39th Panzerjager (anti-ta… With the defeat at Alam El Halfa fighting culminated in the Second Battle of El Alamein from October 23rd until November 4th, 1942. From July 1st until July 8th the 90.leichte fought from near Tell El Eisa as the northernmost German division and pushed east coming up against Ruweistat Ridge, south of El Alamein. This was desert warfare at its most classic; swirling and unrelenting. History. News. Within less than five months both sides had fought back and forth across the entire Libyan coast covering more than 900 miles in the process! In two weeks of fierce and bloody fighting German and Italian units were finally forced back, first to the Gazala positions west of Tobruk and shortly after all the way back to the El Agheila frontier. Afrika changed names when it became simply Division z.b.V Afrika. The history of the 90.leichte-Afrika-Division is shorter than most typical German divisional units because it existed for only two years. It would serve the remainder of its time in Africa under this name. The 90th Light Infantry Division was a light infantry division of the German Army during World War II that served in North Africa as well as Sardinia and Italy. Africa (August 1941 – November 1941), 90th Light Infantry Division (November 1941 – March 1942), 90th Light Africa Division (March 1942 – May 1943), 90th Panzergrenadier Division (July 1943 – November 1943), 90th Grenadier Division (mot.) The formation was originally created as the '5th Light Division' or the '5th Light Afrika Division' in Africa in early 1941, from an ad hoccollection of smaller units rushed to support the collapsing Italian forces in Cyrenaica, Libya. The division was originally formed on June 26th, 1941 when a number of units were brought together under the operational control of “Division Command for Special Use Africa”, otherwise known in German as Divisions-Kommando z.b.V Afrika. Some confusion appears to exist regarding the actual date on which the division changed from the Africa Special Use Division to the 90th Light. As with the other units of the Afrika Korps, replacement units were quickly raised from available troops stationed in Western Europe. 357th Infantry Regiment: colonel Philip H. Ginder, replaced on June 13th, 1944 by by colonel John W. Sheehy, replaced on June 15th, 1944 by lieutenant colonel Charles M. Schwab, replaced on June 17th, 1944 by colonel George H. Barth – 1st Battalion – 2nd Battalion – 3rd Battalion 358th Infantry Regiment: colonel James V. Thompson, wounded on June 12th, 1944, replaced on June 16th, 1944 by colonel Richard C. Partridge, replaced on August 3rd, 1944 by colonel Christian H. … Roger Bender in his excellent reference work “Uniforms, Organization, and History of the Afrikakorps” state that according to official German war records the unit was referred to as the 90th Light as of November 28th, 1941. The remainder of its personnel surrendered to the Brazilian Expeditionary Force (FEB) in Italy in April 1945. Through its five-year existence it was redesignated several times, although always known colloquially as the Africa Division. Afrika.And through its five-year existence it was redesignated several times, although always known colloquially as the Africa Division. (no ISBN). W elcome to the online home of the 90th Infantry Division Preservation Group. The 90.leichte continued to suffer appalling losses in these battles. It consisted of subunits with various combat specialties like mountain and desert warfare, night attack, infiltration, and so on. Afrika. The 25th Bologna Infantry Division was a major infantry formation of the Regio Esercito (Italian Army) during World War II. is a small booklet covering the history of the 90th Infantry Division. Obergefreiter and later Unteroffizier Hans Wiechers served for the majority of World War Two in the German Army. The 90.leichte took part in the fighting for Alam El Halfa located south of the main Axis blocking force which consisted of Italian infantry units acting as a diversionary force. Again the division suffered heavy losses in bitter fighting. First elements of the Division saw action on Dday, 6 June, on Utah Beach, Normandy, the remainder entering combat, 10 June, cutting across the Merderet River to take Pont l'Abbe in heavy fighting. By mid-February 1943 all of Libya was firmly in British hands. The German-Italian force hit the now quiet British lines near the El Agheila frontier, battled for and recaptured El Agheila and Beda Fomm, and retook Benghazi. Partial remnants of the 90.leichte-Afrika-Division that weren’t stationed in Africa at the time of the surrender and men earmarked for transfer to the unit that never arrived were instead used to form a new Division in Sardinia known initially as Divisions-Komando Sardinien, and later in July 1943 as the 90.Panzergrenadier-Division. The abbreviation z.b.V. When the Axis arrived at El Agheila the British didn’t expect much in the way of a counter-attack but Rommel wasn’t about to remain idle. The 90th Light Infantry Division was created in August 1941 as Division z.b.V. As the demands for more troops in North Africa became more des-perate, the division was split into a small fortress division and a mobile Light Division… It participated in several military campaigns in France. A short time later it was withdrawn into reserve at Frosinone and redesignated 90th Grenadier Division (Motorized). Each step the 90.leichte helped establish blocking lines to prevent the Allies from overtaking the retreating and battered remnants of the Axis forces. The operation was aimed at breaking out of the Gazala positions and finally taking Tobruk. It was a well-trained unit originally formed in Potsdam in 1941 from specialist soldiers with previous experience in the deserts of the Middle East and North Africa. It was with these initial German blocking forces that the origins of the 90th Light Africa Division can be traced. By December 1942, the Germans were back at El Agheila. Once more the see-saw battle in North Africa raged. It was this disaster that the Germans were landed in February 1941 when Rommel arrived in Tripoli with his blocking forces intended to reverse Axis fortunes. So what was the 90thLight Division? On May 15th the British launched Operation Brevity in the hopes of taking control of Sollum and Halfaya passes along with Fort Capuzzo and relieving Tobruk. On November 18th, 1941 the British launched Operation Crusader to clear German and Italian units from the frontier and relieve Tobruk. The Germans could ill-afford setbacks; with each approaching day, the British could withstand losses far better than their German counterparts. It was stationed in Tripolitania and was sent to Libya for further operations during the Italian invasion of Egypt. It was a stunning defeat for the Axis. 251)). In the south the Americans had landed without any problems or hardships. DIVISION CHRONICLE The 90th Infantry Division landed in England, 5 April 1944, and trained from 10 April to 4 June. All that within the The 90th Infantry Division was activated in summer 1917, just months after the United States entered World War I. Militair-Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. see photos for details. stands for "zur besonderen Verwendung", which translates as "for a special use" in English. During this time in July 1942, the division was renamed from 90.leichte-Infanterie-Division to the 90.leichte-Afrika-Division (mot). The first battalion of the artillery regiment replaced its former light towed howitzers with a mix of heavy and light self-propelled guns (Hummel, Wespe). 361st Reinforced Africa Regiment that became part of the division upon formation was created from former German Foreign Legionaries who had served France before 1940. Things moved along very quickly thereafter, by June 20th the Germans were able to capture Tobruk and they crossed the Egyptian frontier a few days later. In September of 1940, well before the Germans had arrived under the command of Erwin Rommel and the Africa Corps, the Italian Army in North Africa (spurred forward by demands from Rome) launched an offensive into the Western Desert in an attempt to defeat the British. Evacuated from Corsica with the Sturmbrigade Reichsführer SS to the Italian mainland in October 1943, the division appeared opposite both the Americans and British as they pushed north. The last battalion came from the 197th Infantry Division of the 7th formation wave. Many feel this attack was Rommel’s last chance at defeating the British in North Africa. Between April and June 1941 both sides established new lines at the Egyptian frontier. By December 17th the Axis forces were in full retreat. Many of the ‘veteran combatants’ had been replacements themselves a short time before. The official history of the 90th Division in WW1 is available for online reading. It consisted of two regimental units already in action, the 155th Rifle Regiment, and 361st Infantry Regiment. After Operation Battleaxe ran its course both sides were exhausted and settled in to rest and refit. This is because it was the only German combat division to have actually been raised in Africa itself. The first question that posed myself – I’ll leave you to explore for yourself a little as that is some of the joy – but just some cool snippets: 1. German and Italian forces quickly received reinforcements and were once more ordered on the offensive on January 21st, 1942. Norderstedt, Germany. guaranteed original. In addition, much-needed armor had been pulled from the front and moved to Egypt for rest and refit. fully embroidered, cut edge construction. In August the Divisions-Kommando z.b.V. And so ended the combat history of the 90th Infantry Division, a history which began on the beaches of Normandy and wound through one thousand miles of hedgerows, plains, hills, rivers and forests half way across the continent of Europe, where the men with the T-O patch stood triumphantly at last on the liberated soil of Czechoslovakia. The 90.leichte moved along the interior route through Cyrenaica from Gazala to Mechili, Msus, Agedabia, Marsa El Brega and finally to the defensive positions at El Agheila. The 90.leichte was at the fore of these operations. It is hoped this operational overview will provide the reader with an excellent understanding of its history and that any mistakes or omissions are taken into consideration given the nature of the division. Afrika. The title “for Special Use” (z.b.V or zur besonderen Verwendung in German) implied that the formation was created for a particular task or operation. By February 6th, 1942 German and Italian forces were back near Gazala. Infantry officer replacements totaled nearly 150 percent. The division played a major role in most of the actions against the British Eighth Army in the Western Desert Campaign and eventually surrendered to the Allies in the final stages of the Tunisia Campaign in May 1943. The operation failed and the German lines held. The division moved north from Le Mans Aug 11, following the 2nd French Armd Div. Original Items: One-of-a-kind set. Our impressions primarily focus on the Infantry Rifle Company and Heavy Weapons Company. Some sources indicate that shortly after on November 27th the Division z.b.V Afrika was renamed the 90.leichte-Infanterie-Division while it continued to fight in the swirling battles between the frontier and Tobruk. https://www.feldgrau.com/WW2-German-90th-Light-Africa-Division Against these much reduced British forces, Rommel launched the first major German offensive of the North Africa Campaign on March 31st, 1941. 90th Light Infantry Division (Germany) History The 90th Light Infantry Division was created in August 1941 as Division z.b.V. 90th Infantry Division Afrika, from units already in Africa under the control of Divisions-Kommando z.b.V. Stem the British struck struggle for Tobruk several times, although always known colloquially the! 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