johann sebastian bach encyclopedia

(N.Y., 1950); H. Raupach, Das wahre Bildnis J.S. 3 and 8 by A.N. B.: The Culmination of an Era (N.Y., 1966); F. Blume, Der junge B. This was one of Bach’s last works. betet! In the art of variations, Bach was supreme. Schulze and C. Wolff, eds., B. Compendium: Analytisch-bibliographisches Repertorium des Werke J.S. Appearing at a propitious moment in the history of music, Bach was able to survey and bring together the principal styles, forms, and national traditions that had developed during preceding generations and, by virtue of his synthesis, enrich them all. In 1726, after he had completed the bulk of his cantata production, Bach began to publish the clavier Partitas singly, with a collected edition in 1731, perhaps with the intention of attracting recognition beyond Leipzig and thus securing a more amenable appointment elsewhere. Baker’s Biographical Dictionary of Musicians. At neighboring Celle, Bach heard the orchestra of Georg Wilhelm, which specialized in French instrumental music. Johann Christian Bach (September 5, 1735 – January 1, 1782) was a composer of the Classical era, the eleventh surviving child and youngest son of Johann Sebastian Bach.He is sometimes referred to as "the London Bach" or "the English Bach", due to his time spent living in the British capital, where he came to be known as John Bach. Eight days later Bach began his duties at Cöthen. Dortmunder B.-Symposion 1996 (Witten, 1997); M. Heinemann and H.-J. (London, 1936; rev. In addition, during the next 20 years she presented Bach with 13 children. At this meeting Bach improvised on the melody An WasserflüssenBabylon (By the Waters of Babylon). 21 March] 1685 – 28 July 1750) was a German composer and musician of the Baroque period. 12), C major (source unknown), F major (arrangement of Vivaldi’s op.3, no. They, in fact, accused Bach of simply using their invitation to get an increase in salary at Weimar. Cantata No. B.: Werk und Wiedergabe (Kassel, 1965); J. Westrup, B. Cantatas (London, 1966); N. Carrell, B. the Borrower (London, 1967); M. Geek, Die Wiederentdeckung der Matthauspassion im 19. Tragedy struck Bach when he returned with the prince from Carlsbad in July 1720. Encyclopedia.com. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. (N.Y., 1962); U. Balestrini, ed., Catalogo Tematico (Incipit) delle Opere di J.S. Reinken paid Bach the highest compliment by saying, "I thought this art was dead; but I see that it survived in you." B.s Werken (Kassel, 1994); P. Dirksen, Studien zur Kunst der Fuge von J.S. He was a member of an illustrious family of musicians who were active in various capacities as performing artists, composers, and teachers. This was the first work of Bach’s that was publ. Butt, ed., Cambridge Companion to B. Only 10 of them lived to adulthood. The Leipzig committee was reluctant to hire Bach. Johann Sebastian Bach (pronunțat în germană /joːhan zebastjan bax/ n. 21/31 martie 1685, Eisenach, Saxa-Eisenach – d. 28 iulie 1750, Leipzig, Principatul Saxoniei) a fost un compozitor german și organist din perioada barocă, considerat în mod unanim ca unul dintre cei mai mari muzicieni ai lumii.Operele sale sunt apreciate pentru profunzimea intelectuală, stăpânirea … Dretzel); 898, Prelude and Fugue in B-flat major (doubtful); 899, Prelude and Fughetta in D minor (doubtful); 905, Fantasia and Fugue in D minor (doubtful); 907, Fantasia and Fughetta in B-flat major (doubtful); 908, Fantasia and Fughetta in D major (doubtful); 909, Concerto and Fugue in C minor (doubtful); 917, Fantasia in G minor (doubtful); 918, Fantasia on a rondo in C minor (doubtful); 919, Fantasia in C minor (doubtful); 920, Fantasia in G minor (doubtful); 921, Prelude in C minor (doubtful); 922, Prelude in A minor (doubtful); 923, Prelude in B minor (doubtful); 945, Fugue in E minor (spurious); 947, Fugue in A minor (doubtful); 948, Fugue in D minor (doubtful); 949, Fugue in A major (doubtful); 952, Fugue in C major (doubtful); 956, Fugue in E minor (doubtful); 957, Fugue in G major (doubtful); 960, Fugue in E minor (unfinished; spurious); 961, Fughetta in C minor (doubtful); 962, Fugato in E minor (by Albrechtsberger); 964, Sonata in D minor (doubtful; arrangement of Violin Sonata 1, 003); 968, Adagio in G major (doubtful; arrangement of 1st movement of Violin Sonata 1, 005); 969, Andante in G minor (spurious); 970, Presto in D minor (by WE Bach); 990, Sarabande con partite in C major (spurious); etc. B. The etiology of Bach’s last illness is unclear. In June 1707 Bach obtained a post at the Blasiuskirche in Mühlhausen in Thuringia. He retained this post until his death. Ann Arbor 1947); Briefe, ed. 1957), and Russell Hancock Miles, Johann Sebastian Bach: An Introduction to His Life and Works (1962). In 1717, Bach was offered a position as Kapellmeister (chapel master) at the court of Prince Leopold at Cöthen. By this time he was already a reasonably proficient organist. p. spitta, Johann Sebastian Bach, tr. Retrieved February 24, 2021 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/bach-johann-sebastian. It was in Leipzig that Bach created his greatest sacred works: the St. John Passion, the Mass in B minor, and the Christmas Oratorio. Many of Bach's organ compositions date from this period, though he seems to have written few cantatas while at Weimar. No doubt he studied in the school library, which had a large and up-to-date collection of church music; he probably heard Georg Böhm, organist of the Johanniskirche; and he visited Hamburg to hear the renowned organist and composer Johann Adam Reinken at the Katharinenkirche, contriving also to hear the French orchestra maintained by the duke of Celle. In notes on thorough-bass playing dictated to his student Niedt, he said: "The aim and final reason of all music should be none else but the glory of God and the recreation of the mind. B. ." Bach continued to consider positions elsewhere, and found one at the church of St. Thomas in Leipzig, as cantor at its school and as music director for the city. B. At the same time Prince Leopold of Cöthen, Germany, heard of Bach and offered him a position. The bicentennial of Bach’s death, in 1950, brought about a new series of memorials and celebrations. Although he was admired by his contemporaries primarily as an outstanding harpsichordist, organist, and expert on organ building, Bach is now generally regarded as one of the greatest composers of all time and is celebrated as the creator of the Brandenburg Concertos, The Well-Tempered Clavier, the Mass in B Minor, and numerous other masterpieces of church and instrumental music. Columbia Encyclopedia > People > Literature and the Arts > Music: History, Composers, and Performers: Biographies > Bach, Johann Sebastian > Bach, Johann Sebastian: Accomplishments and Influence ; Cite. Among the few works that can be ascribed to these early years with anything more than a show of plausibility are the Capriccio sopra la lontananza del suo fratello dilettissimo (1704; Capriccio on the Departure of His Most Beloved Brother, BWV 992), the chorale prelude on Wie schön leuchtet (c. 1705; How Brightly Shines, BWV 739), and the fragmentary early version of the organ Prelude and Fugue in G Minor (before 1707, BWV 535a). It is said that on July 18, 1750, his vision suddenly returned (possibly when the cataract receded spontaneously), but a cerebral hemorrhage supervened, and a few days later Bach was dead. As director of church music for the city of Leipzig, Bach had to supply performers for four churches. By 1695 both his parents were dead, and he was looked after by his eldest brother, also named Johann Christoph (1671–1721), organist at Ohrdruf. Every composition was "in the name of Jesus" and "to the glory of God alone." . The standard thematic catalogue of Bach’s works is to be found in W. Schmieder, Thetnatisch-systematisches Verzeichnis der musikalischen Werke von J.S. . ed., 1998, by C. Wolff as The New B. Christoff Wolff, ed., The New Grove Bach Family (London: Macmillan, 1983). Further chorales: 690, Wer nur den lieben Gott lässt walten; 691, Wer nur den lieben Gott lässt walten; 694, Wo soil ich fliehen hin; 695, Fantasia super Christ lag in Todesbanden; 696, Christum wir sollen loben schon; 697, Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ; 698, Herr Christ, der ein’ge Gottes-Sohn; 699, Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland; 700, Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her; 701, Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her; 703, Gottes Sohn ist kommen; 704, Lob sei dem allmächtigen Gott; 706, Liebster Jesu, wir sind hier; 709, Herr Jesu Christ, dich zu uns wend; 710, Wir Christenleut’ haben jetzt Freud; 711, Allein Gott in der Höh’ sei Ehr; 712, In dich hab ich gehoffet, Herr; 713, Fantasia super Jesu, meine Freude; 714, Ach Gott und Herr; 715, Allein Gott in der Höh’ sei Ehr; 717, Allein Gott in der Höh’ sei Ehr; 718, Christ lag in Todesbanden; 720, Ein’feste Burg ist unser Gott; 721, Erbarm’ dich mein, o Herré Gott; 722, Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ; 724, Gott, durch deine Güte (Gottes Sohn ist kommen); 725, Herr Gott, dich loben wir; 726, Herr Jesu Christ, dich zu uns wend; 727, Herzlich tut mich verlangen; 728, Jesus, meine Zuversicht; 729, In dulci jubilo; 730, Liebster Jesu, wir sind hier; 731, Liebster Jesu, wir sind hier; 732, Lobt Gott, ihr Christen, allzugleich; 733, Meine Seele erhebet den Herrén (Fuge über das Magnificat); 734a, Nun freut euch, lieben Christen g’mein; O Lamm Gottes, unschuldig; 735, Fantasia super Valet will ich dir geben; 736, Valet will ich dir geben; 737, Vater unser im Himmelreich; 738, Vom Himmel hoch, da komm ich her; 739, Wie schon leucht’t uns der Morgenstern; 741, Ach Gott vom Himmel sieh darein; 753, Jesu, meine Freude; 764, Wie schön leuchtet uns der Morgenstern; 766, Christ, der du bist der helle Tag; 767, O Gott, dufrommer Gott; 768, Sei gegrüsset, Jesu gütig. His., J.S. – Lipcse, 1750. július 28.) date from the very last years of Bach's life as far as their present form is concerned: most of them are built on materials, sections, and movements from other works. Bach's first music lessons were on the violin, with his father as instructor. as “J.S. Frederick had expressed the desire to meet the great Bach, and for the occasion Bach improvised a six-part fugue on a theme submitted by the King. B.s (Kassel, 1930); E. Schwebsch, J.S. BACH, Johann-Sebastian, was born at Eisenach in Thuringia, on March 21, 1685, the same year which gave birth to his great contemporary Handel. Throughout the 18th century, the appreciation of Johann Sebastian Bach's music was mostly limited to distinguished connoisseurs. Bach, Johann Sebastian (sābäs`tyän bäkh), 1685–1750, German composer and organist, b.Eisenach; one of the greatest and most influential composers of the Western world. Bach received violin lessons from his father. The slogan “Back to Bach,” adopted by composers of the early 20th century, seems to hold true for every musical era. B.s (Bonn, 1996); R. Stinson, B.:The Orgelbüchlein (N.Y., 1996); J. ." ; actually, the subjects of several of Bach’s preludes and fugues are similar to the point of identity to the themes of Fischer’s work. A different type of Bach’s great musical projections is exemplified by his Concerts à plusieurs instruments, known popularly as the Brandenburg Concertos, for they were dedicated to Christian Ludwig, margrave of Brandenburg. To some extent, no doubt, he accepted engagements because he needed money—he complained in 1730 that his income was less than he had been led to expect (he remarked that there were not enough funerals)—but, obviously, his routine work must have suffered. Buxtehude himself obtained his post through such an expedient, but Bach apparently was not prepared for matrimony under such circumstances. Qan. Further keyboard works: 818, Suite in A minor; 819, Suite in E-flat major; 820, Ouverture in F major; 821, Suite in B-flat major; 822, Suite in G minor; 823, Suite in F minor; 832, Partie in A major; 833, Prelude and Partita in F major; 836 and 837, 2 allemandes in G minor (1 unfinished); 841–43, 3 minuets: G major, G minor, G major; 894, Prelude and Fugue in A minor; 896, Prelude and Fugue in A major; 900, Prelude and Fughetta in E minor; 901, Prelude and Fughetta in F major; 902, Prelude and Fughetta in G major; 903, Chromatic Fantasia and Fugue in D minor; 904, Fantasia and Fugue in A minor; 906, Fantasia and Fugue in C minor; 910, Toccata in F- sharp minor; 911, Toccata in C minor; 912, Toccata in D major; 913, Toccata in D minor; 914, Toccata in E minor; 915, Toccata in G minor; 916, Toccata in G major; 944, Fugue in A minor; 946, Fugue in C major; 950, Fugue in A major (on a theme by Albinoni); 951, Fugue in B minor (on a theme by Albinoni); 953, Fugue in C major; 954, Fugue in B-flat major; 955, Fugue in B-flat major; 958, Fugue in A minor; 959, Fugue in A minor; 963, Sonata in D major; 965, Sonata in A minor (based upon a sonata by J.A. B. 3, Gott, gib dein Gerichte dem Kònige (music not extant; 1730); Anh. "Bach, Johann Sebastian On December 1, 1716, Johann Samuel Drese, musical director at Weimar, died. Eidam, Klaus. On April 22, 1723, Bach was elected to the post of cantor of the city of Leipzig and was officially installed on May 31, 1723. 208, Was mir behagt (What Pleases Me), to honor Duke Wilhelm's friend the Duke of Weissenfels. BWV numbers have been assigned to the following doubtful and spurious works: 691a, Wer nur den lieben Gott lässt walten (doubtful); 692, Ach Gott und Herr (by J.G. The third part, consisting of the Organ Mass with the Prelude and Fugue [“St. Bach's work in the context of the times is discussed in Manfred F. Bukofzer, Music in the Baroque Era: From Monteverdi to Bach (1947), and in Paul Henry Lang, Music in Western Civilization (1941). B.iSein Leben in Bildern (Leipzig, 1950); F. Wiegand, J.S. It is conventional to say that Bach’s music was rescued from oblivion by Mendelssohn, who conducted the St. Matthew Passion in Berlin in 1829, but Mozart and Beethoven had practiced Bach’s preludes and fugues. And he found time to compile pedagogical keyboard works: the Clavierbüchlein for W.F. Friction between Bach and his employers thus developed almost at once. "Bach, Johann Sebastian His request was answered with a reprimand suggesting that his poor relationship with the choir was the source of the problem. (c. 1713); 209, Non sa che sia dolore (e. 1734); 210, O holder Tag, erwünschte Zeit (c. 1740); 211, Schweigt stille, plaudert nicht (Coffee Cantata; c. 1734–35); 212, Mer hahn en neue Oberkeet (Peasant Cantata; Aug. 30, 1742); 213, Hercules auf dem Scheidewege: Lasst uns sorgen, lasst uns wachen (Sept. 5, 1733); 214, T’ónet, ihr Pauken! Reinken); 966, Sonata in C major (based upon part of a sonata by J.A. (3 vols., Cambridge, 1980–84); S. Daw, The Music of J.S. It was temporarily dispelled by the tact of the new rector, Johann Matthias Gesner, who admired Bach and had known him at Weimar; but Gesner stayed only until 1734 and was succeeded by Johann August Ernesti, a young man with up-to-date ideas on education, one of which was that music was not one of the humanities but a time-wasting sideline. The years 1708-1710 saw an enormous output of organ music by Bach. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. In spite of Marpurg and of some appreciative remarks by Johann Mattheson, the influential Hamburg critic and composer, only about 30 copies had been sold by 1756, when Emanuel Bach offered the plates for sale. His works, noted for their intellectual depth, technical command, and artistic beauty, have provided inspiration to nearly every European musician, from Beethoven to Schoenberg. Nesten samtlige av de mannlige forfedrene og slektningene som det har vært mulig å spore tilbake til 1500-tallet var aktive enten som kantorer, organister, bymusikanter, hoffmusikere eller instrumentmakere (klavikord-, cembalo-, luttklaver- eller luttbyggere) … Interpretation: Articulation Marks in Primary Sources of J.S. 2, Leipzig, 1912); E. Millier von Asow, ed., J.S. 8), C major (arrangement of Vivaldi’s op.7, no. Arts and Humanities Through the Eras. His reputation was mainly as an organist, not as a composer, and his ability as an organist was not needed since the cantor was not required to play at the services. (London, 1985); W. Kolneder, J.S. Omissions? . e. h. mÜller von asow (2d ed. d. restout (New York 1964) 209–220. New works produced during this year include many cantatas and the Magnificat in its first version. After 6 in B-flat major; 1, 052, Concerto in D minor for Harpsichord; 1053, Concerto in E major for Harpsichord; 1, 054, Concerto in D major for Harpsichord; 1, 055, Concerto in A major for Harpsichord; 1, 056, Concerto in F minor for Harpsichord; 1, 057, Concerto in F major for Harpsichord; 1, 058, Concerto in G minor for Harpsichord; 1, 059, Concerto in D minor for Harpsichord; 1, 060, Concerto in C minor for 2 Harpsichords; 1, 061, Concerto in C major for 2 Harpsichords; 1, 062, Concerto in C minor for 2 Harpsichords; 1, 063, Concerto in D minor for 3 Harpsichords; 1, 064, Concerto in C major for 3 Harpsichords; 1, 065, Concerto in A minor for 4 Harpsichords (arrangement of Vivaldi’s op.3, no. In his dedications to royal personages he adhered to the customary humble style, which was extended even to the typography of his dedicatory prefaces. There is an English translation of it in The Bach Reader. (Oct. 17, 1723); 110, Unser Mund sei voli Lachens (Dec. 25, 1725); 111, Was mein Gott will, das g’scheh allzeit (Jan. 21, 1725); 112, Der Herr ist mein getreuer Hirt (April 8, 1731); 113, Herr Jesu Christ, du höchstes Gut (Aug. 20, 1724); 114, Ach, lieben Christen, seid getrost (Oct. 1, 1724); 115, Mache dich, mein Geist, bereit (Nov. 5, 1724); 116, Du Friedefürst, Herr Jesu Christ (Nov. 26, 1724); 117, Sei Lob und Ehr dem höchsten Gut (c. 1728–31); 119, Preise, Jerusalem, den Herrn (Aug. 30, 1723); 120, Gott, man lobet dich in der Stille (c. 1728–29); 120a, Herr Gott, Beherrscher aller Dinge (based upon 120; part of score not extant; c. 1729); 120b, Gott, man lobet dich in der Stille (based upon 120; music not extant; 1730); 121, Christum wir sollen loben schon (Dec. 26, 1724); 122, Das neugebor’ne Kindelein (Dec. 31, 1724); 123, Liebster Immanuel, Herzog der Frommen (Jan. 6, 1725); 124, Meinen Jesum lass ich nicht (Jan. 7, 1725); 125, Mit Fried’ und Freud’ ich fahr dahin (Feb. 2, 1725); 126, Erhalt’ uns, Herr, bei deinem Wort (Feb. 4, 1725); 127, Herr Jesu Christ, wahr’r Mensch und Gott (Feb. 11, 1725); 128, Auf Christi Himmelfahrt alleiti (May 10, 1725); 129, Gelobet sei der Herr, mein Gott (c. 1726–27); 130, Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir (Sept. 29, 1724); 131, Aus der Tiefen rufe ich, Herr, zu dir (1707); 132, Bereitet die Wege, bereitet die Bahnl (1715); 133, Ichfreue mich in dir (Dec. 27, 1724); 134, Ein Herz, das seinen Jesum lebend weiss (based upon secular cantata 134a; April 11, 1724); 135, Ach Herr, mich armen Sunder (June 25, 1724); 136, Erforsche mich, Gott, und erfahre mein Herz (July 18, 1723); 137, Lobe den Herren, den mächtigen König der Ehren (Aug. 19, 1725); 138, Warum betrübst du dich, mein Herz? The situation became so serious that Bach, who had been quite happy in Cöthen, decided to look for another position. 119). Modern composers, even those who champion the total abandonment of all conventional methods of composition and the abolition of musical notation, are irresistibly drawn to Bach as a precursor; suffice it to mention Alban Berg’s use of Bach’s chorale Es ist genug in the concluding section of his Violin Concerto dedicated to the memory of Alma Mahler’s young daughter. A few days before his death he dictated a setting of the hymn Vor deinen Thron tret' ich allhier (Before Thy Throne I Stand) to his son-in-law. . ed., 1933); R. Boughton, B., the Master: A New Interpretation of His Genius (N.Y. and London, 1930); H. Besseler, J.S. He also had a beautiful voice and sang in the church choir. These newly acquired techniques henceforth governed a host of Bach’s arias and concerto movements, as well as many of his larger fugues (especially the mature ones for organ), and profoundly affected his treatment of chorales. The first movement may also be built on a French overture (No. w. breig, "Zu den Turba-Chören von Bachs Johannes-Passion, " Hamburger Jahrbuch für Musikwissenschaft, 8 (1985) 65–96. Upon his return to Leipzig, Bach set to work on the King’s theme. B. and the German Motet (Cambridge, 1995); L. Dreyfus, B. and the Patterns of Invention (Cambridge, 1996); G. Hartmann, Die Tonfolge B-A-C-H: Zur Emblematik des Kreuzes im Werk J.S. After his voice changed, he was transferred to the orchestra and played violin. B.s, seiner Familie und seines Kreises (Trossingen, 1957); J. David, Die zweistimmigen Inventionen von J.S. Bach soon became friendly with Reverend George Eilmar, an out-spoken enemy of Pietism, who is thought to be the librettist of at least three cantatas which Bach wrote during the Mühlhausen tenure. At Weimar he had the first six of his twenty children, including the future composer Carl Philip Emanuel Bach. B.s in der Musikbibliothek der Stadt Leipzig (Leipzig, 1970); H.-J. 31 March 1685, N.S. ." (Bern, 1948); H. Engel, J.S. To study them profitably it is important to remember their intimate connection with the liturgy of the Lutheran Sunday morning or festal service: their texts frequently contain quotations from, or reference to, the Epistle and Gospel of the day, and the concluding chorale is always that of the particular Sunday or feast day. B.s., Bach-Dokumente, I (Leipzig, 1963); P. Krause, ed., Handschriften der Werke J.S. Bibliography: Werke, ed. "Bach, Johann Sebastian 1 in G minor, Partita No. He was informed that his wife had died and had been buried on July 4. and excelled as a performer on the flute. B.s (Leipzig, 1948; 2nd ed., 1949); N. Dufourcq, J.S. "Johann Sebastian Bach Johann Sebastian Bach was born on March 21, 1685, in Eisenach, Germany, the youngest child of Johann Ambrosius Bach, a church organist, and Elizabeth Lämmerhirt Bach. and enl. of Leipzig, performed an exhumation of Bach’s body, made necessary because of the deterioration of the wooden coffin, and took remarkable photographs of Bach’s skeleton, which he publ. ; 497, Seelenweide, meine Freude; 499, Sei gegmsset, Jesu gütig; 498, Selig, wer an Jesum denkt; 500, So gehst du nun, mein Jesu, hin; 501, So giebst du nun, mein Jesu, gute Nacht; 502, So wünsch’ ich mir zu guter Letzt; 503, Steh’ ich bei meinem Gott; 504, Vergiss mein nicht, dass ich dein nicht; 505, Vergiss mein nicht, vergiss mein nicht (melody by Bach); 506, Was bist du doch, o Seek, so betrübet; 507, Wo ist mein Schäflein, das ich liebe. . B. Bach did well at school, and he was selected for a choir of poor boys at the school in Michaelskirche, Lüneburg, Germany. Bach's parents both died when he was ten years old. B. Preeminent composer who brought the baroque style in music to a close; b. Eisenach, Germany, March 21, 1685; d. Leipzig, July 28, 1750. Johann Sebastian Bach was a German composer and musician of the Baroque period. He is known for instrumental compositions such as As the latter was not sure that he would be able to accept, Bach gave a trial performance (Cantata No. Pictorial symbolism of this kind occurs only in connection with words—in vocal music and in chorale preludes, where the words of the chorale are in the listener’s mind. B.: The Story of the Development of a Great Personality (N.Y. and London, 1909; rev. In 1703 he entered his first post as organist of the New Church at Arnstadt, transferring in 1707 to a similar post at St. Blasius, Mühlhausen, where he married his cousin Maria Barbara Bach. 16 Jan. 2013 “Johann Sebastian Bach”. B.: Zeit, Leben, Wirken (Kassel, 1976; tr. B. as Organist: His Instruments, Music and Performance Practices (Bloomington, Ind., 1986); H. Vogt, J.S. 9, Entfernet euch, ihr heitern Sterne (music not extant; May 12, 1727); Anh. His visit must have been profitable, for he did not return until about the middle of January 1706. (London, 1925); C. Terry, B.: The Cantatas ana Oratorios (2 vols., London, 1925); idem, J.S. His musical symbolism, his dramatic flair, even his insistence on no unnecessary notes—all served to profoundly interpret the text. Johann Sebastian Bach (31 March [ O.S. Sebastian's fame was chiefly that of a virtuoso organist and a learned but old-fashioned contrapuntist; his music never had the success of G. F. handel's because it was not addressed to the public audiences of the opera houses and choral concerts.

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